ADNATA, in Anatomy, a pretty thick white membrane, investing the ball of the eye; called also Conjunctiva. See TUNIC, and CONJUNCTIVA.
The Adnata makes what we commonly call the white of the eye; whence it is also called the Albuginea. See EYE, etc.
The Adnata makes what we commonly call the white of the eye; whence it is also called the Albuginea. See EYE, etc.
ALBUGINEA, in Anatomy, the outermost coat or tegument of the eye; also called the tunica albuginea, conjunctiva, &c. See SCLERA, CONJUNCTIVA, &c. It takes the name albuginea, from its whiteness; being this that forms what we call the white of the eye. See EYE. The same term is also applied to the membrane immediately encompassing the testicle. See TESTICLE and SCROTUM.
ALLANTOIS, Allantois, in Anatomy, a third Coat or Membrane of a Foetus, investing part thereof, in the manner of a Scarf, or Collar, extending from the Cartilago Xiphoides, to the bottom of the Hips. See FOETUS.The Allantois makes part of the Secundine.—It is conceived as an urinary Tunic, placed between the Amnion and Chorion, which by the Navel and Urachus receives the Urine that comes out of the Bladder. See SECUNDINE, and URINE.It is a Point controverted among Anatomists, whether the Allantois be found in Man—M. Drelincourt, Professor of Anatomy at Leiden, in an express Dissertation on this Membrane, maintains it peculiar to the Ruminating Kind. See RUMINANT.Dr. Hale, on the contrary, has given an accurate Description of the human Allantois; and assigned the Reason why those who believed its Existence had not before fully found it out; and also an answer to those who yet deny its reality. See PHILOSOPH. Transact. N° 271.The Word is derived from allas, Farcimen, a Gut, and eidos, Forma, Shape; because, in many Brutes, it is in the Shape of a Gut-pudding: but in Man, and some others, it is round.—It is likewise called Furciminalis.
ALVEOLI, in Anatomy, little Sockets in the Jaws, wherein the Teeth are set. See TEETH, and JAW. The Alveoli are lined with a Membrane of exquisite Sense, which seems to be nervous, and is wrapped about the Roots of each Tooth; from whence, and the Nerve, proceeds that Pain called Odontalgia, or Tooth-ache. See ODONTALGIA, and TOOTH-ACHE.
AMATORII Musculi, in Anatomy, an Appellation sometimes given to those Muscles of the Eyes which give them a Cast sideways, and assist in that particular Look by some called Ogling. See EYE. When the Abductor and Humilis act together, they give this oblique Motion. See ABDUCTOR, and HUMILIS. The Word is formed of the Latin Amare, to love.
AMBE, in Anatomy, a superficial Jutting out of a Bone. See BONE. The Word is also used as the Name of a Chirurgical Instrument, with which they reduce dislocated Bones.
AMNIOS, or Amnion, in Anatomy, the innermost Membrane, wherewith the Fetus in the Womb is immediately invested. See FETUS. The Amnios is a white, soft, thin, transparent Membrane; making part of the Secundines, and lying next under the Chorion. See SECUNDINE, and CHORION. It contains a limpid Liquor, like a thin Jelly-broth; with which the Stomach of the Fetus being always found full, it is supposed to be the Matter of its Nourishment. See NUTRITION. On its outside lies the Allantois, or Urinary Membrane. In some Subjects, the Urinary Membrane, and Chorion stick so close to one another, that they appear to be but one. It hath all its Vessels from the same Origin as the Chorion. See ALLANTOIS. The Word is derived from the Greek amnios, a Lamb; and Pellis Agnina.