Cyclopædia

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  • THE PREFACEhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/preface

    not without some Concern that I put this Work in the Reader's Hands; a Work so disproportionate to a single Person's Experience, and which might have employ'd an Academy. What adds to my Jealousy, is the little measure of Time allow'd for a Performance...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Introduction

  • AIRhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/AIR

    popular Sense, is far from the Simplicity of an Elementary Substance; though there may be something in it, which bids fair for the Appellation. Hence, Air may be distinguished into Vulgar, or Heterogeneous; and Proper, or Elementary. Vulgar or...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Physics

  • VIEW OF KNOWLEDGEhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/view-of-knowledge

    1 METEOROLOGY, or the History of AIR and ATMOSPHERE: including, 1°, that of its Contents, Æther,Fire,Vapour, Exhalation, &c. 2°, Meteors form'd therein, as Cloud, Rain, Shower, Drop, Snow, Hail, Dew, Damp, &c. Rainbow, Parhelion, Halo, Thunder, Water-...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Introduction

  • ACTIONhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/ACTION

    ACTION, Actio, in Physics, is the production of an effect or the manner of an active cause. See ACTION and ACTIVE. The idea of action is so familiar to us that a definition may as easily obscure as explain it. Some Schoolmen, however, attempt to...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Physics

  • ATTRACTIONhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/mix-d-mathematics/mechanics/ATTRACTION

    Attractio, or Tractio, in Mechanics, the Act of a moving Power, whereby a Moveable is brought nearer to the Mover. See POWER and MOTION. As Action and Re-action are always equal, and contrary; it follows, that in all Attraction, the Mover is drawn...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Mechanics

  • ABSTRACTIONhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/philosophy/ABSTRACTION

    an Operation of the Mind, whereby we separate Things naturally conjunct, or existing together ; and form and consider Ideas of Things thus separated. See ABSTRACT. The Faculty of Abstracting, stands directly opposite to that of Compounding — By...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Philosophy

  • ASSIZEhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ASSIZE

    or Assise, Assisa,in Law, a sitting of Judges, or Justices; for the hearing and determining of Causes. See JUDGE, JUSTICE, CAUSE, etc. The Word is French, Assise, of Ais, seated; formed of Assideo, I sit by; which is compounded of ad, to, and sedeo, I...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ALKALYhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/chymistry/ALKALY

    Alkali, or Alkathy, in Chemistry, a Name originally given, by the Arabians, to a Salt extracted from the Ashes of a Plant called Kali; and by us Glass-wort because used in the making of Glass. See KALI, and GRASS. Afterwards, the Term Alkaly became a...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Chymistry

  • AXIShttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/AXIS

    properly signifies a line or long piece of iron or wood passing through the centre of a sphere, which is moveable upon the same. See SPHERE. In this sense we say the axis of a sphere, or globe; the axis, or axle-tree of a wheel, etc. See GLOBE, WHEEL,...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ASTROLOGYhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ASTROLOGY

    Astrologia, the Art of foretelling future Events, from the Aspects, Positions, and Influences of the Heavenly Bodies. See ASPECT, INFLUENCE, etc. The Word is compounded of the Greek ἄστρον, Star, and λόγος, Discourse; whence, in the literal sense of the...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ATMOSPHEREhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ATMOSPHERE

    surrounding the Terraqueous Globe, to a considerable Height. See EARTH. By atmosphere is usually understood the whole Mass or Assemblage of ambient Air: Though, among the more accurate Writers, the Atmosphere is restrained to that Part of the Air next...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • AFFIRMATIONhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/AFFIRMATION

    TRUTH. Affirmation is defined by the Logicians, an Act whereby we attribute one Idea to another; as supposing it to belong, or agree thereto—As when, conceiving Perfection to agree to the Deity, we say, God is perfect. See ATTRIBUTE. This, on other...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ALGEBRAhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ALGEBRA

    a Method of resolving Problems by means of Equations. See PROBLEM, and EQUATION. Some Authors define Algebra the Art of solving all Problems capable of being solved: But this is rather the Idea of Analysis, or the Analytic Art. See ANALYSIS.The Arabs...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ACIDhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ACID

    Acids are those above defined, which impress the Idea sensibly. — Such are Vinegar, and its Spirit;the Juices of Citrons, Oranges; Spirit of Nitre, Spirit of Alum, Spirit of Vitriol, Spirit of Sulphur for Campanam, Spirit of Sea Salt, etc. See VINEGAR,...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ALTITUDEhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/mathematics/geometry/ALTITUDE

    Altitudo, in Geometry, the third Dimension of a Body; called also Height, or Depth. See HEIGHT; see also BODY, DIMENSION, etc.Altitude, in Optics, is usually considered as the Angle subtended between a Line drawn through the Eye, parallel to the...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Geometry

  • ANTIMONYhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/natural-history/ANTIMONY

    Antimonium, in Natural History, a Mineral Substance, of a Metallic Nature; having all the seeming Characters of a real Metal, excepting Malleability. See MINERAL and METAL. Antimony is what we properly call a Semi-Metal; being a Fossil Glebe, composed...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Natural History

  • ACCIDENThttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/philosophy/ACCIDENT

    ACCIDENT, Accidens, in Philosophy, something additional, or superadded, to Substance; or not essentially belonging thereto, but capable, indifferently, either of being or not being in it, without the Destruction thereof. See SUBSTANCE. Some will have...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Philosophy

  • ACThttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/ACT

    ACT, Actus, in Physics, an effective exercise or application of some power or faculty. See ACTION. In this sense, the word Act stands opposed to Power, Potentia, which is the capacity of acting. See POWER and POTENTIA. Though the word Act, properly and...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Physics

  • AGEhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/AGE

    the natural duration of anything; and particularly of the life of man. See DURATION, and LIFE. The ordinary age of mankind has been occasionally varied, in such manner as to afford a fine instance of the wisdom of Providence. See the article...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • AIDhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/religion/law/AID

    or Aide, Auxilium, literally denotes the Help, Succor, or Assistance, which any Person lends another when too weak to do, or avoid something. See ASSISTANT. The Word is French, formed, according to M. Menage, from the Italian Aiutare; and that from the...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Law
Results 1 - 20 of 1093

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