Cyclopædia

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  • THE PREFACEhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/preface

    into the Analysis of Solids and Fluids, (which are referr'd to in the several Places in the Book, where they themselves being treated os, refer to others still lower, and so on) but also as a Part of MEDICINE ; which accordingly it refers to, and which...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Introduction

  • AIRhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/AIR

    of AIR. The peculiar Nature of this aerial Matter, we know but little of; what Authors have advanced concerning it being chiefly conjectural. We have no way of examining it apart, or separating it from the other Matters it is mixed with; and...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Physics

  • ATTRACTIONhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/mix-d-mathematics/mechanics/ATTRACTION

    impulsion concerned. Nay, what is more, this action, in some respects, differs from all impulsion we know of; impulse being always found to act in proportion to the surfaces of bodies; whereas gravity acts according to their solid content, and...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Mechanics

  • ATMOSPHEREhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ATMOSPHERE

    of our Bodies, is pressed upon by a Weight of Air equal to 35 cubical Feet of Water; and a cubical Foot of Water, being found, by Experiment to weigh 76 Pound Troy Weight, therefore the Compas of a Foot square upon the Superficies of our Bodies,...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ALKALYhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/chymistry/ALKALY

    Substances which have that Effect. See ACID. Alkali, then, in its modern extensive Sense, is any Substance, which being mixed with an Acid, an Ebullition and Effervescence ensues thereon. See EFFERVESCENCE, etc. And hence arises the grand Division of...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Chymistry

  • ACTIONhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/ACTION

    to them. They could make themselves understood to people of all nations, and Roscius, the comedian, is particularly famed as being able to express any sentence by his gestures, as significantly and variously as Cicero with all his oratory. See MIME,...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Physics

  • ACIDhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ACID

    contained in Plants may be considered as a Mixture of Earth, Oil, a little Water, and an acid Salt: This last Ingredient being separated from the Plant with a vehement Fire, shoots into a new Salt, which sometimes retains an acid Taste, as in the Tartar...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ANTIMONYhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/natural-history/ANTIMONY

    Characters of a real Metal, excepting Malleability. See MINERAL and METAL. Antimony is what we properly call a Semi-Metal; being a Fossil Glebe, composed of some undetermined Metal, combined with a sulphurous and stony Substance. See SEMI-METAL. It is...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Natural History

  • ABSTRACTIONhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/philosophy/ABSTRACTION

    the Modes and Relations of the particular Objects whence they are form'd. — Thus, when we would understand a thinking Being in general, we gather from our Self-consciousness what it is to Think ; and omitting the Consideration of those Things which have...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Philosophy

  • ACCELERATIONhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/mix-d-mathematics/mechanics/ACCELERATION

    gravity, which continues to act on the body already in motion, in the same manner as if it were at rest. Here, then, being a double cause of motion, and both acting in the same direction, viz. directly towards the center of the earth; the motion they...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Mechanics

  • ACCIDENThttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/philosophy/ACCIDENT

    additional, or superadded, to Substance; or not essentially belonging thereto, but capable, indifferently, either of being or not being in it, without the Destruction thereof. See SUBSTANCE. Some will have the Word compounded of ad aliud cadens, q. d....

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Philosophy

  • ALTITUDEhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/mathematics/geometry/ALTITUDE

    30, 40, or more Feet, plant a Staff DE, (Fig. 89.) and at a distance herefrom, in C, another shorter one, so as that the Eye being in F; E and B may be in the same right Line therewith. Measure the Distance between the two Staves, GF; and between the...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Geometry

  • ALLIGATIONhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/mathematics/arithmetic/ALLIGATION

    them. The several Cases hereof, will come under the following Rules. The Quantity of the Ingredients, and the Prices of each being given; to find the Price or Value of some part of the Mixture. Multiply the Ingredients severally by their own Prices, and...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Arithmetic

  • AGEhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/AGE

    reckoning it decrepit age after 75. See OLD AGE. Age, in horsemanship, makes a considerable point of knowledge; the horse being an animal that remarkably shows the progress of his years, by correspondent alterations in his body. See HORSE. We have...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • AXIShttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/AXIS

    SECTION. Transverse Axis, called also the first or principal axis of an ellipse or hyperbola, is the axis AP, last defined: being thus called in contradistinction to the conjugate or secondary axis. The transverse axis in the ellipse is the longest; in...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ASTROLOGYhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ASTROLOGY

    made the ancient Astrology; though, in Course of Time, an Alteration has arisen; that which the Ancients called Astrology being by us termed Astronomy. See ASTRONOMY. Astrology may be divided into two Branches, Natural and Judicial. To the former belong...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ALKACHESThttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/chymistry/ALKACHEST

    Place,” 'Tis this single Passage of Paracelsus, that excited the succeeding Chemists to an Inquiry after the Alkahest; there being but one other indirect Expression about it in all his Works. Now it being a frequent Practice with this Author to...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Chymistry

  • ARISTOTELIANhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ARISTOTELIAN

    the Stagirite. At 17 Years of Age he entered himself a Disciple of Plato, and attended in the Academy 20 Years. See ACADEMY. Being then sent on an Embassy from the Athenians to King Philip, he found, at his Return, that Xenocrates, during his Absence,...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ARThttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ART

    Art is principally used for a certain System or Collection of Rules, Precepts, and Inventions or Experiments, which being duly observed, make the Things a Man undertakes succeed, and render them advantageous and agreeable. See Rule, Precept, Experiment,...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • AMPUTATIONhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/biotechnology/anatomy/AMPUTATION

    SPHACELUS, etc. The Method of performing it, in the Instance of a Leg, is as follows—The proper Part for the Operation being four or five Inches below the Knee; the Skin and Flesh are first to be drawn very tight upwards, and secured from returning by a...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Anatomy
Results 1 - 20 of 566

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