Cyclopædia

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  • ARKhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/mathematics/geometry/ARK

    or Arc, or Arch, Arēs, in Geometry, Astronomy, etc. See ARC. Ark, Arca, in the Scripture-Language, a kind of floating Vessel built by Noah, for the Preservation of the several Species of Animals, from the Deluge. See DELUGE. The Ark has afforded...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Geometry

  • ATOMhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/philosophy/ATOM

    ἄτομος, in Philosophy, a Corpuscle; or a Part or Particle of Matter so minute as to be indivisible. See CORPUSCLE. The Word is Greek, ἄτομος; formed of the privative ἀ, and τέμνω, I cut, I divide. Atoms are properly the minima naturae, the last or...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Philosophy

  • ASPECThttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/mix-d-mathematics/perspective/ASPECT

    in Perspective, Gardening, etc. See PROSPECT, EXPOSURE, etc. Aspect, in Astronomy, is used for the Situation of the Stars, or Planets, in respect of each other; or certain Configurations, and mutual Relations between the Planets, arising from their...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Perspective

  • ASTHMAhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/biotechnology/medicine/ASTHMA

    in Medicine, a Disease of the Lungs, accompanied with a Shortness, and Difficulty of Respiration. See RESPIRATION and LUNGS. Or, Asthma is a Difficulty of Breathing, arising from a Disorder of the Lungs; and usually attended with violent Motions of the...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Medicine

  • ADJUNCThttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/philosophy/ADJUNCT

    Adjunctum, in philosophy, something added to a being from without. See ADJUNCTION. Or, an adjunct is an additament or accession to a thing, not essentially belonging to it, but only accidental thereto.See ACCIDENT. There are two kinds of adjuncts; the...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Philosophy

  • ADVOWEEhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ADVOWEE

    or Avower, or Advocate of a Church, was heretofore the Patron, or Defender of the Rights thereof. See ADVOCATE, PATRON, etc. The word is French, Advoué, or Avoué, of the verb Avouer, to avow, own, acknowledge dependence, subjection, etc. —— Whence also...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • APOPLEXYhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/biotechnology/medicine/APOPLEXY

    of the Soul. See SENSATION, MOTION, etc. It differs from a Carus, a Lethargy, and a Coma, in regard that in these three Disorders, the Stupor is not so profound, nor all Sensation quite destroyed. See CARUS, LETHARGY, and COMA. It differs from a...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Medicine

  • ARGUMENThttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/philosophy/ARGUMENT

    as defined by Cicero, is some probable Matter alleged to gain Belief. See PROBABILITY, BELIEF, etc. Others, somewhat more scientifically, define Argument, a Medium, from whose Connection with two Extremes, the Connection of the two Extremes themselves...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Philosophy

  • ABSTINENCEhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/religion/theology/ABSTINENCE

    Abstinencia, the Habit of restraining or containing one's self from some Pleasure, or Enjoyment. See PLEASURE. The Word is compounded of the Latin abs, from ; and teneo, I hold. The Jews were oblig'd to abstain from their Wives at certain Seasons.---—...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Theology

  • ARTIFICIALhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ARTIFICIAL

    something made by Art; not produced naturally, or in the common Course of Things. See ART. © Art is usually considered as a Thing very different from Nature; and artificial Things, from natural ones: Whence arises another more grievous Error, viz. that...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ASCENT OF FLUIDShttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ASCENT%20OF%20FLUIDS

    OF FLUIDS,is particularly understood of their rising above their own Level between the Surfaces of nearly contiguous Bodies, or in slender capillary Glass Tubes, or in Vessels filled with Sand, Ashes, or the like porous Substance, See FLUID. This Effect...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • AETHERhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/AETHER

    is usually understood of a thin, subtle Matter, or Medium, much finer and rarer than Air; which commencing from the Limits of our Atmosphere, possesses the whole heavenly Space. See HEAVEN, WORLD, etc. The Word is Greek, αιθηρ, supposed to be formed...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • APSIDEShttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/mix-d-mathematics/astronomy/APSIDES

    Apsis, or Apsides, in Astronomy, two Points in the Orbit of a Planet, the highest whereof is called the Aphelion, or Apogee; and the lowest the Perihelion, or Perigee. See APHELION, APOGEE, PERIHELION, and PERIGEE. The Apsides are also called Apogees....

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Astronomy

  • ANIMALShttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ANIMALS

    are ordinarily divided into terrestrial, aquatic, volatile, amphibious, Insects, etc. Terrestrial Animals are either Quadrupeds or Reptiles. Quadrupeds have either the Feet cloven, as the Bullock; or entire, as the Horse; or divided into several Toes or...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • APERTUREhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/APERTURE

    Apertura, the Opening of anything; or a Hole, Cleft, or vacant Place in some otherwise solid, or continuous Subject. See OPENING. The Word comes from the Latin Apertura, of Aperire to open. In Geometry, Aperture is used for the Space left between two...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • ATTAINDERhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/religion/law/ATTAINDER

    in law, is when a man has committed felony, or treason, and judgment is passed upon him. See FELONY and TREASON. The children of a person attainted of treason cannot be heirs to him, or any other ancestor; and if he were noble before, his posterity are...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Law

  • ANAMORPHOSIShttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/ANAMORPHOSIS

    ANAMORPHOSIS, in Perspective and Painting, a monstrous Projection; or a Representation of some Image, either on a plane or curve Surface, deformed; which at a certain distance shall appear regular, and in proportion. See PROJECTION. The Word is Greek;...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • AURORA BOREALIShttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/AURORA%20BOREALIS

    AURORA BOREALIS, or AURORA SEPTENTRIONALIS, the northern dawn or light; is an extraordinary meteor, or luminous appearance, showing itself in the night time, in the northern part of the heavens. See METEOR. 'Tis usually of a reddish colour, inclining to...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified

  • AGENThttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/physics/AGENT

    Agents, in Physics, refers to something by which an action is done or effected; or which has the power to act upon another and by its action induces some change in the other. See ACT and ACTION. The word Agent is used interchangeably with efficient, and...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Physics

  • APPEALhttps://chambers.encyclo.eu/index.php/unclassified/APPEAL

    is used in Common and Civil Law, to signify the removing of a Cause from an inferior Judge to a superior; or the having recourse to a superior Judge to rectify what is amiss in a Sentence passed by an inferior. See JUDGE and COURT. Appeals lie from any...

    • Type: Article
    • Author: Ephraïm Chambers
    • Category: Unclassified
Results 61 - 80 of 1093

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